Which policy seeks to expand the money supply to encourage economic growth or combat inflationary price increases?

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Expansionary policy is about boosting economic activity by increasing overall demand. When policymakers want to spur growth, they pursue moves that expand the money supply, which tends to lower interest rates and encourage borrowing, spending, and investment. This emphasis on expanding demand is what ties the policy to the idea of expanding the money supply to stimulate the economy. While monetary policy is the tool that actually adjusts money supply, the broader policy approach described here is expansionary policy, which can include monetary steps (and sometimes fiscal steps) to grow the economy. The other options don’t fit as well because they focus on different aims: fiscal policy centers on government spending and taxation decisions; supply-side policy targets long-run production capacity; monetary policy is the instrument used to manage money supply, but the question asks for the policy type, not the instrument.